1.4.4. Test Lists.
The aim of test lists is to transmit information, considered to be expedient in the investigated designing situation to designers. In order to make our test list the required questions are provided.
Composing of test lists is divided into the following parts:
Construction evaluation: for example ,what are the main stresses in construction?
Strength evaluation: for example (what is the aim of new device introduction?
Production of details and assembly: for example, What assembly scheme is admitted for this unit? Is it possible to simplify frame production technology?
Operation and repair: for example, is the fact, that an operator wears warm clothes in winter taken into account? Is it possible to carry out a partial disassembly of a given assembly unit, without affecting other ones?
Defect analysis: for example, can this system fail without creating dangerous situation for the people?
Corrosion, microclimate: for example, with such a design moisture accumulation takes place in the points of details' connection, doesnt it?
Application of standardized and unified elements: for example, did coordination for an unified bolt-fastening with a supplier take place?
Materials: for example, is supposed material machined well?
Comparison of a given construction with analogous ones: for example, did economical evaluation of a supposed variant take place?
Answer to modern demands: for example, does the supposed element answer economical demands?
Special demands (to electrical equipment, labour protection, etc.)
Then, the compiled lists are corresponded to elaborated object and the directions of its modernization are worked out with their help. Compiling the lists it's necessary to restrict degree of detalization as its growth causes increase of time expenses and cost of work for determination of ways for machine modernization.
A test list is the most simple and rational method of idea search, having direct usefulness in solving designing problems. Usually they are made up in the cases, when the level of demands to comfortability, reliability, simplicity of operation is increased and when it is required to clear up the new level of demands.
While compiling the lists, the following difficulties can take place:
-time for reading and thinking all questions in a long list over may considerably exceed total time for'designing. The way out from this situation is to add to this list a network scheme, permitting to choose from every part a question, having direct relations to the investigated problem;
-the lists can lead a designer away from a new creative decision; it can be avoided by means of comparison of the assumptions the list is based on with those considered by a designer to be justified.
In spite of above drawbacks, the test lists are widely applied in designing practice.
Translate the following words into Russian, use them in your rendering of the text:
• To be expedient, provided, evaluation, the aim of, device introduction, admit, operation and repair, wear, take into account, a partial disassembly, assembly unit, affect, defect, corrosion, -microclimate, moisture accumulation, takes place, connection, application, unified bolt-fastening, supplier, take place, machined well, comparison, suppose, electrical equipment, labour protection, etc., correspond to, to restrict, growth, causes, demands, com-fortability, reliability, simplicity, to clear up, while compiling, considerably, exceed, to add, network scheme, to choose, avoid, comparison, assumptions, justified, in spite of, drawbacks.
Find English equivalents for the following word combinations :
Перечень, напряжение, соответствие, болтокрепеж, уводить, допущение.
Questions to the text:
l.What is the aim of test lists?
2.Name the parts (without example) on which test lists are composed?
З.Ву what means are the directions of objects modernization worked
out?
4.Name the two difficulties, which can take place while compiling the
'ists?
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