Grammar Exercises



Ex.1. Use the correct tense form.

In the 1980s, scientists around the world began to notice something strange: frogs (1). More recent research (2) that many kinds of amphibians (3) or (4) extinct. Amphibians are animals, such as frogs, that (5) partly on land, and they (6) around for a long time - over 350 million years. They (7) three main extinctions, including the extinction of the dinosaur. Why (8)?

Scientists are seriously concerned about this problem. By studying amphibians, scientists (9) about new substances that could be useful for treating human diseases. Further research could lead to many discoveries, but that will be impossible if the amphibians (10).

The most serious aspect of the amphibian loss, however, (11) beyond the amphibians themselves. Scientists (12) to think about what amphibian decline (13) for the planet. If the earth (14) unlivable for amphibians, (15) unlivable for other species of animals and human beings as well?

Scientists now (16) that amphibian decline is due to several environmental factors. One of these factors is the destruction of habitat. Amphibians are very sensitive to changes in their habitat. If they (17) find the right conditions, they will not lay their eggs.

These days, as wild areas are covered with houses, roads, farms or factories, the arroyo toad of southern California will lay eggs on the sandy bottom of a slow moving stream. There are very few streams left in South Carolina, and those streams are often muddy because of building projects. Not surprisingly, the arroyo toad is now in danger of extinction.

There are a number of other factors in amphibian decline. Pollution is one of them. In many industrial areas, air pollution (18) the rain which then falls on the ponds and kills the frogs and toads that (19) there. In farming areas the heavy use of chemicals on crops (20) off amphibians. Another factor is that air pollution (21) to increased levels of ultraviolet (UV) light. This (22) amphibians which seem to be especially sensitive to UV light.