1.4.3. Cost-Functional Analysis.
The objective of cost-functional analysis (CFA) is a systemic object (product, process, structure) investigation, directed to effectiveness increase of its use.
Functional approach provides abstracting from a product, formulating of its function and search of answer to the realization question: "what is the most economic way of realization of this function?" Thus, replacement of a product by set of functions, performed by it, is considered to be key moment of CFA. So it is necessary to take the cost of performing determined function into account.
The following problems can be solved by means of this method:
-to receive the best ratio between the objects use value and design
expenses;
-to lower production cost and to improve quality of a product;
-to replace deficit and expensive details;
-to liquidate "weak" points and disproportions in constructions and
technological processes.
CFA consists of the following stages of work: description of a design and its functioning principles; making up of a design structural scheme; performing a production cost accounting; ranging of functions according to expenses; function ranging according to their importance; making up of a design cost-functional diagram; determination of dispatch zone; elaboration of a procedure plan, providing realization of determined procedures.
Lets consider CFA application on example of a manual hiller according to the above scheme /4/.
A hiller -is designed for producing row furrows during planting and hilling different crops in orchards and kitchen-gardens. It is a weld construction, consisting of a frame, tip, hook, and tapered tube, provided for supporting a wooden shank (fig.1.10).
A hiller is produced from the following materials: share and hook are made from steel of st.3 grade, and tip-from steel of st.45 grade.
Frame consists of two shares, welded by means of external seam, which are cleaned for creation of sharp edge of share breast. A tip is provided for simplification of cutting-in the soil and cutting the plant-root system. Working part of a tip has a width of 15mm, lip angle-30', and sharpening thickness- less than 0,3mrh.Plane of a hiller symmetry and one of intersection of shares coincide. The main parameters of a hiller are the following: length-250mm, width-130mm, hight-2lOmm, mass-0,654kg. on principles, described in passage 1.З., we'll build Miller's
structural and functional schemes, shown fig.1.11. and1.12.
Fig.l.ll. Structural scheme of a hiller
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